Bristows’ Charities and Not-for-Profit practice provides a wide range of legal services to UK and international charities, foundations, universities and other not-for-profit organisations. We are particularly well-known for our expertise in advising some of the UK’s pre-eminent professional institutions and learned societies established by Royal Charter.
Our clients operate in areas as diverse as science, technology & engineering, medical research, the arts & heritage, health & safety, youth wellbeing, education, relief of poverty, animal welfare, and responsible investment.
We have one of the UK’s longest established charity and not-for-profit legal practices. It originated, many decades ago, from acting for some of the UK’s pre-eminent professional institutions and learned societies, typically incorporated by Royal Charter. Today, we continue to act for many of such charities established to advance science, technology, engineering and the arts & culture. Our expertise in advising Royal Charter bodies is second-to-none in the legal market; it’s what we’re best known for. But today we also act for a host of other national and international charities and not-for-profit organisations, including those established as companies or charitable incorporated organisations (CIOs) or trusts, as well as overseas not-for-profit/tax exempt organisations whose activities extend to the UK. Indeed, there is increasingly a cross-border element to our work.
Areas of expertise
Formation
We advise on establishing charities and not-for-profit organisations in England & Wales. Sometimes, these are affiliated to overseas organisations. We assist on the formation of different legal forms of charities, including companies limited by guarantee and charitable incorporated organisations (CIOs), foundations, social enterprises and other types of not-for-profit organisations. We also have experience of advising on the process of petitioning for a Royal Charter and have specialised knowledge of what this takes in terms of establishing the requisite national pre-eminence and dealing with the Privy Council.
Governance
We advise on, and draft modifications to, governing documents including articles of association, trust deeds and Royal Charters, Bye-laws, Regulations and Codes of conduct and practice. We are accustomed to interacting with the Privy Council Office on behalf of our Royal Charter clients when they are undertaking changes to their Royal Charter or Bye-laws. We advise on non-routine and sensitive governance issues, such as reportable “serious incidents”, conflicts of interest, and internal disputes within boards or as between boards and executive management. Where necessary or helpful, we liaise on behalf of our clients with the Charity Commission.
Membership organisations
Membership charities and not-for-profit organisations with memberships separate from their boards of trustees can experience particular challenges. Membership unrest can lead to the requisitioning of hostile or difficult general meetings to vote on motions of “no confidence” in the Board, and the like. In the case of professional institutions, breaches of codes of professional conduct can trigger disciplinary proceedings under quasi-judicial investigatory, disciplinary and appeals procedures. We have substantial experience of advising on these kinds of membership issues.
Mission delivery
We have substantial and broad experience of helping charities and other not-for-profit organisations put in place appropriate legal arrangements to fulfil their missions. These may range from grants, sponsorship agreements, fellowships, professorial chairs, and award and prize schemes through to structural arrangements such as collaborations, joint ventures, strategic partnerships, or even mergers with other organisations.
Trading, investment, fundraising and tax
It is often appropriate for trading activities to be conducted through a wholly-owned trading subsidiary in order to shelter profits from tax and/or to ring-fence trading risks. We advise on the establishment of trading subsidiaries and on related governance issues.
Acquisitions and disposals of commercial companies or businesses may form part of a charity or not-for-profit organisation’s investment strategy. Such organisations also engage in equity or debt investments in companies, including venture philanthropy investments. Our Corporate team has considerable experience of advising charities and not-for-profit organisations on mergers & acquisitions and on varied forms of investment.
Tax is one of the most significant issues in the structuring of the activities of a charity or other not-for-profit organisation. Our Tax team is well versed in the issues that face such organisations when they are considering the structuring of their trading and investment activities, the effective utilisation of tax exemptions & reliefs and gift aid, and VAT.
Data compliance and cyber security
Protection of data and confidential information is of paramount importance to the operation, integrity and reputation of charities and not-for-profit organisations. Bristows has one of the world’s leading Data Protection teams. It has considerable experience of advising such organisations, including major household name charities, on data protection issues and policies and cyber security.
International
We frequently advise on cross-border issues. For instance, a tax exempt organisation in the US or another jurisdiction may require our help in setting up an affiliated fundraising and/or operational charity in the UK. Where necessary, we work alongside specialist lawyers in the relevant overseas jurisdiction.
General operational
As a full-service law firm, we also advise charity/not-for-profit organisations on a wide range of other legal issues. We always advise with an eye to the particular concerns in regard to the protection of assets and reputations, and compliance, where applicable, with charity law. Our particular areas of expertise include:
- Commercial IP
- Information technology
- Advertising & marketing
- Life sciences regulatory
- Employment & immigration
- Real estate
- Dispute resolution